Which coping style focuses on changing the situation to reduce stress?

Problem-focused coping is the approach that emphasizes taking direct action to address and resolve the source of stress. This style involves identifying the problem and actively working on solutions to eliminate or reduce the stressor itself. It includes strategies such as planning, seeking information, and implementing practical steps to change the situation, which can significantly alleviate the distress associated with that stressor.

In contrast, emotion-focused coping is more centered on managing the emotional response to stress rather than altering the stressful situation itself. Avoidance coping involves evading the stressor, which might provide temporary relief but does not facilitate resolution. Defensive coping refers to various psychological mechanisms that protect an individual from emotional distress, but it doesn't involve actively addressing the source of stress as problem-focused coping does. Therefore, problem-focused coping is the most effective strategy when the goal is to change the situation in order to reduce stress.